Acknowledgments
 
About the Author
 
Introduction
 
1. Resources English Language Learners Bring to Literacy Learning
                              The Language and Literacy Wellspring
 
 
                              The Motivational Wellspring
 
 
 
2. Building On and Scaffolding With Primary Language
                              Why Support Children's Primary Language?
 
 
                              Primary Language and Literacy Achievement
 
 
                              Adding Some Magic: Metacognitive Benefits
 
 
                              Beyond the Words: Social-Emotional Aspects of Primary Language
 
 
                              What Happens to the Primary Language When Children Enter Preschool?
 
 
                              Using Primary Language for Social Communication and Social-Emotional Purposes
 
 
                              Benefits of Using Primary Language for Literacy Learning
 
 
                              Primary Language Resources
 
 
                              Practices for Supporting Primary Language at Home
 
 
                              Different Primary Language Programs
 
 
                              Spending "Time on Task" in English
 
 
                              Patience in Achieving Bilingualism
 
 
 
3. Oral Language Development in a Second Language
                              Second Language Learning in Naturalistic Settings
 
 
                              Second Language Learning in Preschool Settings
 
 
                              Examining the Silent or Receptive Stage in Second Language Acquisition
 
 
                              Learning About Language Acquisition From Caregivers
 
 
                              Cultural Variations in Caregiver Speech and a Challenge for Educators
 
 
                              Language for Basic Communication and Academic Learning
 
 
                              How Children Learn the Meaning of Words
 
 
                              Learning Words From Instruction
 
 
                              The Relationship Between Oral Language and Second Language Literacy
 
 
                              Classroom Contexts for Language Development
 
 
                              The Wonder and Limits of Storybook Reading
 
 
                              Conversations With Children
 
 
                              Language Development During Center Time
 
 
                              Talking-Up Routines and Transitions
 
 
                              Mealtime Opportunities for Talking
 
 
                              Language and Literacy Enhanced Play
 
 
                              Teacher Oral Language: An Elephant in the Room
 
 
                              Home Influences on Second Language Learning
 
 
 
4. Befriending the Alphabet: Why and How
                              Can Children With Limited Knowledge of English Learn the English Alphabet?
 
 
                              Why Explicit Instruction Is Beneficial
 
 
                              Going Deeper Into the Alphabet
 
 
                              Should Letter Names or Letter Sounds be Taught First?
 
 
                              How Should the Uppercase and Lowercase Letters be Taught?
 
 
                              Making the Connection Between Letters and Meaningful Printed Words
 
 
                              Writing Helps Children Learn the Alphabet
 
 
                              Teaching the Alphabet in a Language Other Than English
 
 
                              How Much Letter Instruction Is Needed?
 
 
 
5. Sounds in Words: Phonological Awareness
                              What is Phonological Awareness?
 
 
                              Words: The Foundation of Phonological Awareness
 
 
                              Unnatural Aspects of Phonological Awareness
 
 
                              Preschool Phonological Awareness and Later Reading
 
 
                              Can Preschool Children Learn Phonological Awareness?
 
 
                              Connections Between L1 and L2 Phonological Awareness
 
 
                              Learning Phonological Awareness in a Second Language
 
 
                              The Joined Hands of Vocabulary and the Alphabet
 
 
                              Does Second Language Pronunciation Matter?
 
 
                              How Much Phonological Awareness Do Preschool English Learners Need?
 
 
                              Making Sounds Stand Still and Be Concrete
 
 
                              The Language Used in Phonological Awareness Instruction
 
 
 
6. Curriculum, Instruction, and Literacy Activity
                              Essential Elements of an Effective Curriculum
 
 
                              An Articulated Curriculum
 
 
                              Matching Goals With Teaching Strategies/Activities
 
 
                              The Language of Instruction
 
 
                              Building Relationships While Fostering Literacy
 
 
                              Teachers' Support and Instructional Roles
 
 
                              The Value of Small Groups and One-one-One Teaching
 
 
                              Increasing Opportunities for Teachers' Support Role
 
 
                              The Language of Relationship Building
 
 
                              The Benefits of Explicit Instruction
 
 
                              High-Quality Teaching and Learning
 
 
                              Child Choice and Literacy Instruction
 
 
                              Using Assessment to Benefit Children
 
 
                              Teachers: The Critical Ingredient
 
 
                              Program and Instruction Evaluations
 
 
                              Challenges for Moving Forward
 
 
 
7. Engaging Family Caregivers
                              Focus on Language and Literacy
 
 
                              Thinking Processes and Positive Relationships Working Together
 
 
                              Home Emotional Support for Literacy
 
 
                              Home Cognitive Support for Literacy
 
 
                              Family Responsive and Family Tailored Approaches
 
 
                              Teacher Influences on Family Engagement
 
 
                              Family Caregivers and Children Reading Together
 
 
                              Family Caregivers and Children Playfully Solving Problems Together
 
 
                              Engaging Family Caregivers in the Classroom
 
 
                              One Model for Engaging Families
 
 
                              High-Quality Family Engagement Practices
 
 
 
8. Motivation for Literacy
                              Characteristics of Motivated Children
 
 
                              Are All Preschool Children Highly Motivated for Literacy?
 
 
                              Linkages Between Preschool Motivation and Later Reading
 
 
                              The Need for Competence and Mastery-Inside Every Child
 
 
                              Effectance Motivation Theory Moves Forward
 
 
                              The Motivational Link Between Thinking and Emotion
 
 
                              Mastery and Performance Orientations
 
 
                              Three Motivational Needs (Competence, Autonomy, Relatedness)
 
 
                              The Compatibility of Autonomy and Structure
 
 
                              The Special Worry of Failure
 
 
                              Does Explicit Instruction Undermine Motivation?
 
 
                              Culture, Language and Motivation for Literacy
 
 
                              The Language of Motivation
 
 
                              Home Influences on Language and Literacy Motivation
 
 
 
References
 
Index